UNIT 16

　　TEXT

　　A famous surgeon tells about the importance of self-confidence from his own experience.

　　The Making of a Surgeon

　　How does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a "surgeon"? As my year as chief resident drew to a close I asked myself this question on more than one occasion.

　　The answer, I concluded, was self-confidence. When you can say to yourself, "There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently, treat just as well as or better than any other surgeon" - then, and not until then, you are indeed a surgeon. I was nearing that point.

　　Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I'd have trouble getting back to sleep. I'd review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn't made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I'd get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.

　　Now, in the last month of my residency, sleeping was no longer a problem. There were still situations in which I couldn't be certain my decision had been the right one, but I had learned to accept this as a constant problem for a surgeon, one that could never be completely resolved - and I could live with it. So, once I had made a considered decision, I no longer dwelt on it. Reviewing it wasn't going to help and I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I'd made was bound to be a sound one. It was a nice feeling.

　　In the operating room I was equally confident. I knew I had the knowledge, the skill, the experience to handle any surgical situation I'd ever encounter in practice. There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest. I knew that even if the case was one in which it was impossible to anticipate the problem in advance, I could handle whatever l found. I'd sweated through my share of stab wounds of the belly, of punctured lungs, of compound fractures. I had sweated over them for five years. I didn't need to sweat any more.

　　Nor was I afraid of making mistakes. I knew that when I was out in practice I would inevitably err at one time or another and operate on someone who didn't need surgery or sit on someone who did. Five years earlier - even one year earlier - I wouldn't have been able to live with myself if I had had to take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment. Now I could. I still dreaded errors - would do my best to avoid them -- but I knew they were part of a surgeon's life. I could accept this fact with calmness because I knew that if I wasn't able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.

　　This all sounds conceited and I guess it is - but a surgeon needs conceit. He needs it to encourage him in trying moments when he's bothered by the doubts and uncertainties that are part of the practice of medicine. He has to feel that he's as good as and probably better than any other surgeon in the world. Call it conceit - call it self-confidence; whatever it was, I had it.

NEW WORDS

　　surgeon
　　n.　doctor who performs operations 外科醫生
　　self-confidence
　　n.　自信心
　　making
　　n.　means of gaining success 成功之道
　　resident
　　n.　住院醫生
　　conclude
　　vt. arrive at a belief or opinion by reasoning 得出結論
　　surgical
　　a.　of, by, or for surgery　外科的；手術的
　　competently
　　ad. with the necessary skill　稱職地；勝任地
　　competent
　　a.　
　　near
　　vt. approach; come closer to
　　emergency
　　n.　sudden and dangerous happening needing immediate action 緊急情況；急癥
　　encounter
　　vt. be faced with (difficulties, danger, etc.); meet unexpectedly 遭到；意外地遇見
　　dread　
　　vt. fear greatly 畏懼
　　critical
　　a.　important at a time of danger and difficulty 緊要的；關鍵性的
　　particular
　　a.　belonging to some one person, thing, or occasion 特定的
　　case
　　n.　instance of disease or injury 病例
　　infrequently
　　ad. seldom; not often
　　relax
　　vi. become less tense 放松
　　relaxation
　　n.
　　residency
　　n.　the last stage of a doctor's training at a hospital 高級專科住院實習（期）
　　constant
　　a.　happening all the time; unchanging　不斷的；始終如一的
　　resolve
　　vt. solve 解決
　　resolution
　　n.　
　　considered
　　a.　carefully thought out　經過深思熟慮的
　　dwell
　　vi. live (in a place) 居住
　　bound
　　a.　very likely; certain 一定的，必然的
　　sound
　　a.　correct; based on good judgment 正確的，合理的
　　confident
　　a.　sure of oneself and one's abilities 自然的
　　confidence
　　n.　
　　handle
　　vt. manage, deal with 處理
　　butterfly
　　n.　蝴蝶
　　abdomen
　　n.　belly 腹（部）
　　anticipate
　　vt. see beforehand 預期
　　anticipation
　　n.　
　　sweat
　　n.　汗
　　vi. 流汗
　　stab
　　n.　thrust made with a pointed weapon 刺；戳
　　belly
　　n.　肚，腹部
　　puncture
　　vt. make a small hole in (sth.) with sth. pointed 刺穿
　　compound
　　a.　having more than one part 復合的
　　fracture
　　n.　break in a bone 骨折
　　compound
　　n.　復合性骨折
　　inevitably
　　ad. unavoidably 不可避免地
　　inevitable
　　a.　
　　err
　　vi. make mistakes; do wrong
　　operate
　　vi. perform a surgical operation 動手術
　　constant
　　a.　happening all the time; unchanging　不斷的；始終如一的
　　resolve
　　vt. solve 解決
　　resolution
　　n.　
　　considered
　　a.　carefully thought out　經過深思熟慮的
　　dwell
　　vi. live (in a place) 居住
　　bound
　　a.　very likely; certain 一定的，必然的
　　sound
　　a.　correct; based on good judgment 正確的，合理的
　　confident
　　a.　sure of oneself and one's abilities 自然的
　　confidence
　　n.　
　　handle
　　vt. manage, deal with 處理
　　butterfly
　　n.　蝴蝶
　　abdomen
　　n.　belly 腹（部）
　　anticipate
　　vt. see beforehand 預期
　　anticipation
　　n.　
　　sweat
　　n.　汗
　　vi. 流汗
　　stab
　　n.　thrust made with a pointed weapon 刺；戳
　　belly
　　n.　肚，腹部
　　puncture
　　vt. make a small hole in (sth.) with sth. pointed 刺穿
　　compound
　　a.　having more than one part 復合的
　　fracture
　　n.　break in a bone 骨折
　　compound
　　n.　復合性骨折
　　inevitably
　　ad. unavoidably 不可避免地
　　inevitable
　　err
　　vi. make mistakes; do wrong
　　operate
　　vi. perform a surgical operation 動手術

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