Directions:  There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 
1.If you draw a(n) ______ between two things, that means the two things are different.
A. prescription       B. intersection C. partition      D. distinction
2. The negotiations are going well and we are confident of a successful ______.
   A. outbreak B. output          C. outcome        D. outset
3. Batistuta went to Florence for the third year in ______.
A. succession    B. series           C. sequence   D. session
4. You may play PC games to your heart's ______ during the winter break.
A. content       B. consent          C. consensus   D. conscience
5. Some governments have forbidden cigarette ___and launched anti-smoking campaigns.
A. commissions  B. commodities  C. commercials  D. commands
6. Applicants must show that they have $10,000 or more ____ for living expenses and approximately $10,000 for tuition.
A. acceptable  B. advisable   C. available     D. applicable
7. The director often says it is difficult to design a program that will meet the ______     needs of all our users.
A. diverse   B. distinctive  C. distinct     D. distinguished
8. ______ their differences, they are united by the common desire to transform their personal commitment into public leadership.
A. But for   B. For all   C. Above all   D. Except for
9. The winter just ending was ____ severe, causing great hardship to the poorer people     in this area.
A. exceptionally  B. explosively  C. extensively  D. expressively
10. Computer software ______ some 70 percent of the company’s products.
A. applies for  B. allows for   C. accounts for  D. answers for
11. According to the __________ of the contract, employees must give six months' notice if they
intend to leave.
   A. laws         B. rules             C. terms        D. details
12. The _______ meter can detect even a very small amount of gas in the room
A. sensible     B. sensitive         C. sensing      D. sensed
13. The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to ______ the investment plan within a week.
A. work out         B. put out      C. make out          D. set out
14. Television will provide information on prices at the nearby shops ________ news and entertainment.
A. as many as       B. as far as      C. as well as        D. as long as
15. Jane takes an __________ interest in clothes and is very particular about what she wears.
A. exhaustive       B. excelling      C. executive     D. excessive
16. In China, it is a serious crime to __________ancient paintings out of the country.
A. struggle         B. smuggle      C. sublet        D. withdraw
17. The rich man was asked to pay a high _________ for his daughter who was taken away by criminals.
A. margin        B. prestige        C. ransom     D. purchase
18. According to the International Law, the United Nations would impose economic _________against an invading country.
A. commissions        B. promotions      C. sentences     D. sanctions
19. To ______ something will enable you to buy property without having the funds to pay for it at present.
A. donate           B. guarantee          C. mortgage     D. finance
20. Our university is unable to        tuition fees to students who fail to complete the course.
   A. rescue         B. recover            C. refund    D. refresh
Section II  Cloze   ( 10 points )
Directions: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1.
It's an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that   21   evening you're burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards,    22   are throwing the books at kids.   23   elementary school students are complaining of homework   24    . What's a well-meaning parent to do?
As hard as   25    may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though you've got to get them to do it,   26    helping too much, or even examining   27    too carefully, you may keep them   28   doing it by themselves. "I wouldn't advise a parent to check every   29    assignment," says psychologist John Rosemond, author Of Ending the Tough Homework. "There's a   30    of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children   31   the grade they deserve."
Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their   32    . But "you don't want them to feel it has to be   33  ," she says.
That's not to say parents should   34   homework -- first, they should monitor how much homework their kids   35    . Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in   36    four, five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be "  37    mom than an hour and a half," and two for high-school students. If your child   88   has mom homework than this, you may want to check   39    other parents and then talk to the teacher about   40    assignment       ( 252 words )
21 A. very         B exact . C. right D. usual
22 A. officials  B. parents C. experts D. schools
23 A. Also   B. Even    C. Then D. However
24 A. fatigue  B. confusion C. duty D. puzzle
25 A. there B. we  C. they D. it
26 A. via   B. under   C. by D. for
27 A. questions B. answers C. standards D. rules
Section III  Reading Comprehension       ( 40 points )
Directions: Read the following passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing
A. B. C. or D. Mark your answers on  ANSWER SHEET1.
Passage 1 
 The media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960s, I remember experiencing the events related to the People’s Park that were occurring on campus. Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it interesting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin to see events of that time feed on news coverage. This also provided me with some healthy insights into the distinctions between these realities.
 Electronic media are having a greater impact on the people’s lives every day. People gather more and more of their impressions from representations. Television and telephone communications are linking people to a global village, or what one writer calls the electronic city. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. Consider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your consciousness and your contact. For example, the video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on “live action” such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave the viewer the impression of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reported events as they happened. This coverage was distributed worldwide. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities.
 In 1992, many people watched in horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed by video coverage from helicopters. This event was triggered by the verdict (裁定) in the Rodney King beating. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgments, and most people, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jury (陪審團(tuán)) was able to acquit (宣布無罪) the policemen involved. Media coverage of events as they occur also provides powerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as it seemed on that Wednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday night the public got to see Rodney King on television pleading, “Can we all get along?” By Saturday, television seemed to provide positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rally for peace. The television showed thousands of people marching with banners and cleaning tools. Because of that, many more people turned out to join the peaceful event they saw unfolding (展開) on television. The real healing, of course, will take much longer, but electronic media will continue to be a part of that process.   （ 455 words ）

41. The best title for the passage is ______.
A.The 1989 San Francisco Earthquake and the 1992 Los Angeles Riots
B.How Media Cover Events
C.The 1992 Los Angeles Riots
D.The Impact of Media on Current Events
42. All the following statements are true EXCEPT that ______.
A.all the events occurring on the university campus at Berkeley were given national media coverage
B.video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake gave the viewers the impression of total disaster
C.electronic media can extend one’s contact with the world
D.those living far away from a certain event can also have some perception of realities by watching television
43. The term “electronic city” in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.
   A. Berkeley  B. Earth  C. Los Angeles  D. San Francisco
44. The 1992 Los Angeles riots broke out because ______.
A.video coverage from helicopters had made people angry
B.video coverage had provided powerful feedback
C.the jury acquitted the policemen who had beaten Rodney King
D.people can make their own judgments
45. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A.the 1992 Los Angeles riots lasted a whole week
B.Rodney King seemed very angry when he appeared on television on Friday
C.media coverage of events as they occur can have either good or bad results
D.most people who had seen the video of the Rodney King beating agree with the verdict of the jury

Passage 2
    At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out international agreements relating to the environment because of economic concerns unique to each country. It is no longer enough to try to forbid certain activities or to reduce emissions of certain substances. The global challenges of the interlink between the environment and development increasingly bring us to the core of the economic life of states. During the late 1980s we were able, through international agreements, to make deep cuts in emissions harmful to the ozone layer. These reductions were made possible because substitutions had been found for many of the harmful chemicals and, more important, because the harmful substances could be replaced without negative effects on employment and the economies of states.
    Although the threat of global warming has been known to the world for decades and all countries and leaders agree that we need to deal with the problem, we also know that the effects of measures, especially harsh measures taken in some countries, would be nullified (抵消) if other countries do not control their emissions. Whereas the UN team on climate change has found that the emissions of carbon dioxide would have to be cut globally by 60% to stabilize the content of CO, in the atmosphere, this path is not feasible for several reasons. Such deep cuts would cause a breakdown of the world economy. Important and populous (人口眾多的) low-or medium-income countries are not yet willing to undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. In addition, the state of world technology would not yet permit us to make such a big leap.
   We must, however, find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century. Such a commitment would require a degree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity. Success lies in the force of imaginations, in imagining what would happen if we fail to act. Although many living in cold regions would welcome the global-warming effect of a warmer summer, few would cheer the arrival of the subsequent tropical diseases, especially where there had been none.  ( 360 words )

46. The main purpose of this passage is to ______.
A.analyze the problem of global warming

Passage 3
 The current emergency in Mexico City that has taken over our lives is nothing. I could ever have imagined for me or my children. We are living in an environmental crisis, an air-pollution emergency of unprecedented severity. What it really means is that just to breathe here is to play a dangerous game with your health.
 As parents, what terrorizes us most are reports that children are at higher risk because they breathe more times per minute. What more can we do to protect them and ourselves? Our pediatrician’s (兒科醫(yī)師的) medical recommendation was simple: abandon the city permanently. We are foreigners and we are among the small minority that can afford to leave. We are here because of my husband’s work. We are fascinated by Mexico—its history and rich culture. We know that for us, this is a temporary danger. However, we cannot stand for much longer the fear we feel for our boys. We cannot stop them from breathing.
 But for millions, there is no choice. Their lives, their jobs, their futures depend on being here. Thousands of Mexicans arrive each day in this city. Desperate for economic opportunities. Thousands more are born here each day. Entire families work in the streets and practically live there. It is a familiar sight: as parents hawk goods at stoplights, their children play in the grassy highway dividers, breathing exhaust fumes. I feel guilty complaining about my personal situation; we won’t be here long enough for our children to form the impression that skies are colored only gray.
 And yet the government cannot do what it must to end this problem. For any country, especially a developing Third World economy like Mexico’s, the idea of barring from the capital city enough cars, closing enough factories and spending the necessary billions on public transportation is simply not an option. So when things get bad, as in the current emergency, Mexico takes half measures—prohibiting some more cars from circulating, stopping some factories from producing—that even its own officials concede aren’t adequate.
 The word “emergency” implies the unusual. But when daily life itself is an emergency, the concept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to adapt to that which we cannot change. Or to mislead ourselves into believing we can adapt.   ( 388 words )
51. According to the passage, the current emergency in Mexico City refers to ______.
A. serious air pollution B. economic crisis
C. unemployment D. natural disaster
52. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A.Kids are in greater danger than grown-ups in Mexico City.
B.The author is not a native Mexican.
C.The author’s husband is a pediatrician.
D.The Mexican history and culture appeal to the author.
53. The word “hawk” (Paragraph 3) most probably means ______.
A. sell B. transport C. place D. deliver
54. The Mexican government takes half measures to solve the pollution problem because ______.
A.Mexican economy depends very much on cars and factories
B.it is not wise enough to come up with effective measures
C.Mexicans are able to adapt themselves to the current emergency
D.Mexicans enjoy playing dangerous games with their health
55. The purpose of the passage is to ______.
A.describe the harmful air pollution
B.explain the way to prevent air pollution
C.show the worries about the air pollution
D.recommend a method to avoid air pollution

Passage 4
There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies, television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what's wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment.
Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed "biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors" as all playing their parts.
Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals. The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果關(guān)系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: "At this time, well over 1,000 studies...point overwhelmingly to causal connection between media violence and aggressive  behavior in some children."
Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out "the most doubtful measures of aggression", only 28% supported a connection.
The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read "aggressive" or "non-aggressive" words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and  standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.
Another appropriate step would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.

56. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?
   A. There is a lot of violence in the real world today.   
B. Something has gone wrong with today's society.
   C. Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.
D. Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.
57. What is the skeptics' (Line 3, Para. 3) view of media violence?
   A. Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.
   B. Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.
   C.A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.
   D. The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.
58. The author uses the term "alarmists" (Line 1, Para. 5) to refer to those who______.
   A. use standardized measurements in the studies of media violence
   B. initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on reality
   C. assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behavior
   D. use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior
59. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging _____.
   A. the source and amount of their data       B. the targets of their observation
   C. their system of measurement            D. their definition of violence
60. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence ?
   A. More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.
   B. It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.
   C. The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.
   D. He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.

Section IV  Translation  ( 20 points )
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.  
It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement,  teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There  are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.
Everyone has something to sell. Tramps(流浪者) seem to be the only exception to this general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. （ 195 words ）

Section VI  Writing  ( 20 points )
Directions:  In this section, you are required to write a composition entitled “Changes in the ownership of Houses in Beijing ” You should base your composition on the chart and outline given below and write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Ownership of Houses in Beijing

Section  I  Vocabulary and Structure   (20x0.5= 10 points )
   1--5:    DCAAC                6--10:  CABAC        
11--15:  CBACD                16--20:  BCDCC
Section  II  Cloze  (20 x 0.5 =10 points)
21-- 25  ADBAD              26—30 CBDAD 
31-- 35  BCADA              36—40 CBDAC
Section  III  Reading Comprehension  ( 20x2=40 points )
   41--45: DABCC   46--50: AADBD  51--55: ACAAC  56—60 DBCDA
Section  IV  Translation  ( 5x4 = 20 points )
 據(jù)說每個人都靠出售某種東西來維持生活。根據(jù)這種說法，教師靠賣知識為生，哲學(xué)家靠賣智慧為生，牧師靠賣精神安慰為生。雖然物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品的價值可以用金錢來衡量，但要估算別人為我們所提供的服務(wù)的價值卻是極其困難的。有時，我們?yōu)榱送炀壬�命，愿意付出我們所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫給我們提供了這種服務(wù)后，我們卻可能為所支付的昂貴費(fèi)用而抱怨。社會上的情況就是如此，技術(shù)是必須付錢去買的，就像在商店里要花錢義商品一樣。
人人都有東西可以出售。在這條普遍性的規(guī)律面前，好像只有流浪漢是個例外。乞丐出售的幾乎是他本人，以引起過路入的憐憫。但真正的流浪漢并不是乞丐。他們既不出售任何東西，也不需要從別人那兒得到任何東西。在追求獨(dú)立自由的同時，他們并不犧牲為人的尊嚴(yán)。流浪漢可能會向你討錢，但他從來不要你可憐他。